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The Axial Age shows us two, or more, world religions coming into being in
parallel. In India we see the birth of Buddhism, and in the Occident the birth
of the 'primordial seed elements' that will generate several monotheistic
religions. However, in the case of the successors to the Israelite Axial
interval we confront a complexity that requires us to stand back from the
ordinary way of taking religions in the conventional sense.
We should note first that the Axial interval only shows us the incidents of
the chronicle of Israel/Judah, and does not show directly, what came later, the
birth, for example, of Christianity. In fact, the same can be said of Judaism,
and, indeed, Islam.
As we zoom out to look at this correlation of religious emergence in the
Axial period we are confronted with a problem, not of divine revelation, but of
the operation of a mysterious system operating on two levels. We have the larger
system or higher level which shows the 'seed period' of the Axial Age, whose
boundaries are fixed, roughly, at the beginning and the end, and the
intermediate or successor periods that express the realization of that seed
period. Keeping these two things in mind is essential to prevent confusion. In
fact the early Christians and Jews sensed this distinction, however inchoately,
in their attempts to consider the Axial period as an 'age of revelation', i.e. a
special period in history, one that stood out from the background of world
history as a whole. But this concept of an 'age of revelation' simply won't work
since we can now see that the whole phenomenon of the emergence of monotheism is
part of a larger process of cultural transformation, one that takes many forms,
among them the emergence of Buddhism in India, not even a theistic
religion.
Further evidence thus of a 'system' at work (we leave the term descriptively
neutral) lies in the abstract character of the elusive Axial interval, whose
many manifestations in parallel are dwarfed by the larger dynamic of a process
that is somehow beyond theism or non-theism and able to be a triggering process
not only for religious but many complex cultural innovations.
As we develop the idea of an 'eonic model' we will see that this two-level
aspect to the needed interpretation of the Axial interval will correspond to the
distinction of 'macro' and 'micro' in discussions of evolution.
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